TRANSIENT TIC DISORDER
 
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TRANSIENT TIC DISORDER

 

DEFINITION:

A movement disorder characterized by single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics.

EPIDEMIOLOGY:

  • incidence: 5-24% of school children
  • most common movement disorder of childhood
  • age of onset:
    • mean of 7 years (from preschool to early school years)
    • may be as early as 2 years of age
  • risk factors:
    • familial (inheritance pattern not established)
    • M > F (3:1)
  • comorbid conditions:
    • see "Tic Disorders"

CLINICAL FEATURES:

1. Diagnosis Criteria for Transient Tic Disorder*

  • A. Single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics.
  • B. The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day for at least two weeks, but for no longer than 12 consecutive months.
  • C. No history of Tourette's or Chronic Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder.
  • D. Onset before age 21.
  • E. Occurrence not exclusively during Psychoactive Substance Intoxication or known CNS disease, such as Huntington's chorea and postviral encephalitis.

     

  • *from the DSM-III-R

    • 2. Tic Characteristics

    • see "Tic Disorders"
    • most common tic is eye-blinking or other facial tic
    • tics may be performed simultaneously, sequentially, or randomly
    • diagnosis of Transient Tic Disorder is retrospective
    • cannot predict if transient tics will resolve or become chronic

    INVESTIGATIONS:

    • all tests (CT, MRI, PET, etc) are normal

    MANAGEMENT:

    • see "Tic Disorders"
      • Psychological - Tics and/or Comorbid Problems
      • Pharmological - Tics and/or Comorbid Problems

     

     

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