NASAL POLYPS
 
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NASAL POLYPS

 

DEFINITION:

Benign tumors arising from the nasal mucosa causing varying degrees of obstruction of the nasal passage.

EPIDEMIOLOGY:

  • incidence: ?
  • age of onset:
    • childhood
  • risk factors:
    • Cystic Fibrosis - nasal polyps found in 25% of CF patients
    • asthma
    • chronic (allergic) sinusitis

PATHOGENESIS:

1. Background

  • chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa -> nasal polyps (benign pedunculated tumors)
  • usually arise from the ethmoid sinus, occasionally within the maxillary antrum, and can extend into the nasopharynx (antrochoanal polyps)

CLINICAL FEATURES:

1. Obstruction of Nasal Passage

  • hyponasal phonation
  • mouth breathing
  • rhinorrhea (mucoid or mucopurulent)

2. Complications

  • widened bridge of nose
  • eroding of the osseous structures

INVESTIGATIONS:

1. Speculum

  • grey, grape-like masses in the middle meatus

MANAGEMENT:

1. Medical

  • corticosteroid nasal sprays (for recurrent cases)
  • treatment of underlying diseases (CF, allergic rhinitis)

2. Surgical

  • 1. Indications For Removal
    • complete nasal obstruction
    • nasal deformity
    • uncontrolled rhinorrhea

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